الصف الأول الثانوي

الأكسجين وثاني أكسيد الكربون في البيئة المائية | علوم متكاملة اولي ثانوي - الترم الأول

الحمد لله

🌊 الأكسجين وثاني أكسيد الكربون في البيئة المائية

في هذا الدرس من مادة العلوم المتكاملة – الصف الأول الثانوي، نناقش دور الأكسجين وثاني أكسيد الكربون في المياه، وتأثير تغير نسبهما على الكائنات البحرية واستقرار البيئة.

💨 أولاً: مصادر الأكسجين في البيئة المائية

الأكسجين المذاب في الماء يأتي من الهواء الجوي ومن عملية البناء الضوئي للكائنات ذاتية التغذية مثل الطحالب والعوالق.

الأمواج واضطراب الماء يساعدان في ذوبان الأكسجين من الهواء.
النباتات المائية والعوالق تنتج الأكسجين خلال النهار.

💧 ثانياً: ذوبانية الأكسجين وثاني أكسيد الكربون

تركيز الأكسجين في الهواء أعلى من ثاني أكسيد الكربون بـ 500 مرة.
الأكسجين أقل ذوبانًا في الماء بـ 50 مرة مقارنة بثاني أكسيد الكربون.
المياه المالحة تحتفظ بكمية أقل من الغازين بنسبة 20-30% مقارنة بالمياه العذبة.
ارتفاع درجة الحرارة يقلل ذوبانية الغازين، ويؤثر أسرع على ثاني أكسيد الكربون.

⚡ ثالثاً: تأثير زيادة الأكسجين المذاب

يعزز التنفس: الكائنات تستخدمه للحصول على الطاقة.
يحسن التمثيل الغذائي: يدعم النمو والتكاثر.
يزيد من النشاط: الكائنات تكون أكثر حركة وحيوية.
يحافظ على التوازن البيئي: يقلل موت الكائنات ويمنع الاختناق.

🌍 رابعاً: مصادر ثاني أكسيد الكربون

الجو الخارجي عن طريق التبادل الغازي.
التنفس الخلوي للكائنات البحرية.
النشاط البشري مثل التلوث والصرف الزراعي.

⚠️ خامساً: تأثير زيادة ثاني أكسيد الكربون

التحمض: تكون حمض الكربونيك مما يقلل pH الماء ويؤذي الكائنات الحساسة.
ضعف التنفس: يقلل من توافر الأكسجين للكائنات.
التأثير على التكلس: يمنع الكائنات كالشعاب المرجانية من بناء هياكلها الصلبة.

🌀 سادساً: تأثير نقص ثاني أكسيد الكربون

يقلل البناء الضوئي: الطحالب والنباتات تحتاجه في تكوين الغذاء.
يؤثر على السلسلة الغذائية: بسبب نقص الإنتاج الأولي.
يؤدي لخلل في pH: قد يصبح الماء قاعديًا مما يؤثر على توازن البيئة.

📝 اختبر نفسك (5 أسئلة تفاعلية)

سيتم إدراج نموذج Google Form هنا قريبًا.

📥 تحميل الملزمة:

تحميل ملزمة الدرس

🎥 فيديو الشرح:

سيتم إدراج الفيديو فور رفعه.

➡️ الدرس السابق الدرس التالي ⬅️

الصف الأول الثانوي علوم متكاملة مواد دراسية

الحمد لله

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